Program Prosedur Pascal

Program Prosedur Pascal. Defining A ProcedureProcedure DeclarationsCalling A ProcedureRecursive SubprogramsArguments of A SubprogramIn Pascal a procedure is defined using the procedurekeyword The general form of a procedure definition is as follows − A procedure definition in Pascal consists of a header local declarations and a body of the procedure The procedure header consists of the keyword procedureand a name given to the procedure Here are all the parts of a procedure − 1 Arguments− The argument(s) establish the linkage between the calling program and the procedure identifiers and also called the formal parameters Rules for arguments in procedures are same as that for the functions 2 Local declarations− Local declarations refer to the declarations for labels constants variables functions and procedures which are applicable to the body of the procedure only 3 Procedure Body− The procedure body contains a collection of statements that define what the procedure does It should always be enclosed between the reserved words begin and end It is the part of a procedure where all computations are do A procedure declarationtells the compiler about a procedure name and how to call the procedure The actual body of the procedure can be defined separately A procedure declaration has the following syntax − Please note that the name of the procedure is not associated with any type For the above defined procedure findMin() following is the declaration − While creating a procedure you give a definition of what the procedure has to do To use the procedure you will have to call that procedure to perform the defined task When a program calls a procedure program control is transferred to the called procedure A called procedure performs the defined task and when its last end statement is reached it returns the control back to the calling program To call a procedure you simply need to pass the required parameters along with the procedure name as shown below − When the above code is compiled and executed it produces the following result − We have seen that a program or subprogram may call another subprogram When a subprogram calls itself it is referred to as a recursive call and the process is known as recursion To illustrate the concept let us calculate the factorial of a number Factorial of a number n is defined as − The following program calculates the factorial of a given number by calling itself recursively When the above code is compiled and executed it produces the following result − Following is another example which generates the Fibonacci Series for a given number using a recursivefunction − When the above code is compiled and executed it produces the following result − If a subprogram (function or procedure) is to use arguments it must declare variables that accept the values of the arguments These variables are called the formal parametersof the subprogram The formal parameters behave like other local variables inside the subprogram and are created upon entry into the subprogram and destroyed upon exit While calling a subprogram there are two ways that arguments can be passed to the subprogram − By default Pascal uses call by value to pass arguments In general this means that code within a subprogram cannot alter the arguments used to call the subprogram The example program we used in the chapter &#39Pascal Functions&#39 called the function named max() using call by value Whereas the example program provided here (exProcedure) calls the procedure findMin() using call by reference.

Parameter ini berlaku di keseluruhan program dan letaknya di luar prosedur Contoh Var Ch Char Procedure Menu Begin Writeln ( &#39Pilihan Menu &#39 ) Writeln ( &#391.

Contoh Program Pascal Prosedur dan Fungsi Kelas Programmer

Program Procedure_2 uses crt var bil1bil2 hasil integer //Mendefinisikan prosedur procedure HitungPenjumlahan(var ab integer) begin hasil=a+b writeln(&#39Hasil Penjumlahan &#39a&#39+&#39b&#39=&#39hasil) end Begin write(&#39Masukan bilangan pertama &#39) readln(bil1) write(&#39Masukan bilangan kedua &#39) readln(bil2) //Memanggil prosedur HitungPenjumlahan(bil1bil2) end.

Pascal Programming: Lesson 7 Procedures and Functions

Konsep pemrograman prosedur dalam pascal 1 Prosedur Dalam Pascal • Procedure bertujuan untuk membagibagi sebuah program menjadi beberapa sub program sehingga program menjadi lebih sederhana dan efisien • Sub Program bertujuan untuk mengurangi penulisan kode program secara berulang kali.